The Safety Standard

Cold stress is a serious hazard that affects workers exposed to cold, wet, and windy environments. When the body loses heat faster than it can produce it, employees can experience fatigue, confusion, and severe injuries such as frostbite or hypothermia.

Employers across industries—from transportation and warehousing to construction and utilities—must understand how to identify, prevent, and manage cold stress to maintain compliance and protect their workforce during winter and low-temperature operations.

Understanding Cold Stress and Its Effects

Cold stress occurs when environmental conditions force the body’s core temperature to drop below normal levels. Factors that contribute include air temperature, humidity, wind speed, and contact with cold surfaces or water.

Common types of cold-related illnesses include:

• Hypothermia: A drop in body temperature that affects brain function, causing confusion, fatigue, and loss of coordination.

• Frostbite: The freezing of skin and tissue, typically affecting fingers, toes, ears, and the nose.

• Trench Foot: Caused by prolonged exposure to cold and wet conditions, even above freezing temperatures.

• Chilblains: Skin inflammation due to repeated exposure to cold air.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) both recognize cold stress as a preventable but dangerous condition that can result in permanent injury or death if not properly managed.

OSHA Guidance and Employer Responsibilities

Although OSHA does not have a specific cold stress standard, employers are required under the General Duty Clause (Section 5(a)(1)) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act to provide a workplace free from recognized hazards.

This includes taking reasonable steps to protect workers from extreme cold conditions. OSHA recommends that employers:

• Evaluate environmental conditions and exposure duration.

• Provide training on recognizing and preventing cold-related illnesses.

• Supply proper personal protective equipment (PPE).

• Establish procedures for monitoring employees working in cold conditions.

For official OSHA winter weather safety guidance, visit osha.gov/winter-weather.

Who Is Most at Risk?

Cold stress can affect anyone, but workers in the following roles face higher risk:

• Outdoor construction and maintenance crews

• Transportation and delivery personnel

• Utility and telecommunications workers

• Emergency responders

• Warehouse or cold-storage employees

Individual factors also play a role. Workers with inadequate clothing, dehydration, fatigue, or certain medical conditions (such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease) may be more susceptible.

Prevention Strategies

Preventing cold stress starts with preparation and awareness. Employers can protect workers through engineering controls, administrative practices, and appropriate PPE.

Engineering Controls

• Provide heated shelters, break areas, or warming stations.

• Use windbreaks or barriers where possible.

• Ensure adequate insulation in vehicles, trailers, and equipment cabins.

Administrative Practices

• Schedule work during the warmest part of the day.

• Rotate workers between cold and warm environments.

• Implement a buddy system for early symptom recognition.

• Encourage hydration and warm, high-energy meals.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Use layered clothing: moisture-wicking base, insulating middle, and waterproof outer layer.

• Provide insulated gloves, socks, and boots.

• Ensure workers have access to dry replacements if clothing becomes wet.

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) provides additional guidance on PPE selection and work/rest recommendations for cold exposure.

Recognizing the Warning Signs

Training workers to identify early symptoms of cold stress is vital to prevention. Warning signs include:

• Shivering or slurred speech

• Numbness or tingling in extremities

• Loss of coordination or confusion

• Pale, hard, or waxy skin

Supervisors should be trained to monitor employees and initiate first aid or emergency procedures immediately if symptoms are observed.

Building a Cold Weather Safety Plan

A comprehensive cold stress program should include:

1. Exposure Assessment: Evaluate temperature, wind chill, and work duration.

2. Training: Educate workers on symptoms, prevention, and response.

3. Communication: Provide weather updates and emergency contacts.

4. Monitoring: Assign trained personnel to observe conditions and worker behavior.

5. Emergency Procedures: Outline steps for first aid, warming, and medical response.

6. Documentation: Maintain records of training and incident responses for compliance and program improvement.

Transportation and Cold-Storage Considerations

For transportation and logistics sectors, cold stress often occurs during loading, unloading, or roadside assistance tasks. Drivers who move between heated cabs and cold outdoor conditions may face rapid temperature shifts that increase risk.

Cold-storage employees, meanwhile, face extended exposure to low-temperature environments. Employers should implement policies for warm-up breaks, specialized PPE, and continuous temperature monitoring inside facilities.

The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) also provides guidelines for vehicle maintenance and driver safety in winter weather, helping reduce risks associated with mechanical failure and prolonged exposure.

Fostering a Safety-First Culture

Creating a strong safety culture goes beyond compliance—it requires engagement at every level of the organization. Encourage employees to speak up about unsafe conditions, and make reporting procedures clear and non-punitive.

Regular safety huddles and toolbox talks focused on seasonal hazards help reinforce cold-weather best practices and keep safety top of mind throughout the winter months.

Conclusion

Cold stress remains one of the most overlooked seasonal hazards, yet it’s among the most preventable. By proactively assessing risk, equipping workers with proper clothing and training, and establishing a clear safety plan, organizations can protect employees and maintain productivity during cold-weather operations.

At Sentry Road, we help organizations develop comprehensive safety programs and provide targeted training on topics like cold stress, emergency response, and PPE use—ensuring your team stays safe, compliant, and prepared year-round.

Winter driving poses significant challenges for commercial truck drivers. Snow, ice, and freezing temperatures can reduce traction, limit visibility, and affect vehicle performance. This guide covers essential winter driving safety practices for the trucking industry, helping drivers stay prepared and avoid accidents.

Why Winter Driving is Dangerous for Trucks

Even experienced drivers can face risks during winter. Key hazards include:

• Black ice and frost: Common on bridges, overpasses, and shaded road sections.

• Reduced traction: Empty trailers or uneven loads increase skidding risk.

• Limited visibility: Snowfall, fog, or ice buildup reduces reaction time.

• Ramp and highway hazards: Ramps are high-risk areas for trucks in any weather.

Tip: Always assume nearby vehicles could lose control. Increase following distance and make all steering, braking, and shifting movements smooth and deliberate. Learn more from OSHA’s Safe Driving Guidelines.

Pre-Trip Vehicle Preparation

Proper pre-trip inspections are critical. The FMCSA emphasizes thorough checks to prevent winter accidents.

Essential winter vehicle checks for trucks:

• Battery and electrical systems: Cold weather lowers battery efficiency.

• Cooling system: Ensure winter-grade coolant and no leaks.

• Tires: Check tread depth and tire pressure; empty trailers provide less traction.

• Windshield, wipers, and defrosters: Replace old blades and use winter-rated washer fluid.

• Lubricants and hydraulics: Use winter-grade products to prevent steering issues.

• Emergency kit: Include flashlight, warm clothing, blankets, food, water, sand or traction mats, jumper cables, and a phone charger.

• Chains or traction devices: Know state-specific requirements for commercial vehicles. Reference State DOT Chain Laws.

On-Road Winter Driving Techniques

Move Slow and Smooth

All truck movements on slick roads should be slow and deliberate. Avoid:

• Hard braking

• Abrupt steering

• Rough downshifts

Smooth downshifting prevents skids, especially at higher RPMs. Avoid using cruise control in icy conditions.

Increase Following Distance

Give yourself more time to react by increasing the gap between your truck and other vehicles. The FMCSA Driving Tips recommend slowing down by one-third on wet roads and up to half on snow-packed roads.

High-Risk Areas

• Bridges and overpasses: Freeze faster than other surfaces.

• Ramps: Account for more accidents in winter conditions.

• Slow-moving snow removal equipment: Give plows extra room to avoid traction loss.

Handling Skids, Jackknifes, and Emergencies

Skidding

• Steer into the skid.

• Remove foot from the accelerator.

• Brake only if absolutely necessary.

Jackknifing (Tractor-Trailer)

• Recognize early: angles >15° reduce recovery chances.

• Avoid brakes; use gentle accelerator adjustments.

• Steer using the left mirror to realign tractor and trailer.

Frozen Brakes

• If brakes freeze, carefully back up or tap with a hammer (only if safe).

Practicing these techniques in controlled environments is recommended. For more guidance on winter driving safety for commercial truck drivers, see the FMCSA Hazardous Weather Driving Tips.

Monitoring Weather and Road Conditions

• Weather reports: Use state DOT lines, truck stop weather broadcasts, weather-band radios, or reliable Internet sources.

• Temperature awareness: Near 32°F, look for signs of ice: sliding vehicles, lack of road spray, and ice buildup on cars.

• CB antennas: Ice on antennas bouncing indicates frozen roads.

More on winter weather preparation: NHTSA Winter Driving Safety.

Emergency Preparedness for Truck Drivers

• Stuck in a blizzard: Stay in the cab and remain warm.

• Safe parking: Avoid inclines and unsafe shoulders.

• Chains or traction mats: Know installation before emergencies.

• Communication: Notify dispatch or manager of delays.

Mindset and Risk Management

Truck drivers must judge when road conditions are unsafe:

• Think ahead and know your limits.

• Arrive late rather than risk an accident.

• Maintain slower speeds and greater following distance.

• Avoid letting peer pressure influence decisions.

You are the captain of your truck. Only you can determine when it’s safe to continue or when to park until conditions improve.

Winter Driving Safety Checklist for Truck Drivers

Pre-Trip:

• Battery and electrical systems checked

• Tires and tread depth verified

• Lubricants and hydraulics winterized

• Windshield, wipers, and defroster functional

• Emergency kit stocked

• Chains or traction devices ready

On-Road:

• Slow, smooth movements

• Increased following distance

• Extra caution on bridges, ramps, overpasses

• Avoid cruise control on slick roads

Emergency:

• Skid: steer into it, controlled braking

• Jackknife: gentle accelerator, no brakes

• Stuck: stay in cab, safe location, communicate

Conclusion

Winter driving in the trucking industry requires preparation, awareness, and calm execution. Proper inspections, monitoring conditions, and safe driving behaviors reduce risks on icy roads.

For fleets, investing in winter driving training ensures drivers are equipped to make safe decisions in challenging conditions.

Sentry Road can help your organization with winter driving safety training, risk assessment, and other transportation safety programs. Contact us to learn more.

Every year, safety professionals across North America wait for the results of Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance (CVSA)’s Operation Safe Driver Week (OSDW) with keen interest. These results serve as a critical barometer of driver behavior and reveal trends that both fleets and passenger-vehicle drivers can learn from. The 2025 campaign results were released in October of this year, and they tell a story worth unpacking. 

In this post, we’ll break down the 2025 data, highlight key take-aways, and provide practical insight for carriers, safety managers, and individual drivers. 

What is Operation Safe Driver Week?

Operation Safe Driver Week is a week-long, enforcement-based traffic-safety initiative led by the CVSA. From July 13 to 19, 2025, law-enforcement officers across the United States and Canada focused on unsafe driving behaviors, including speeding, distracted driving, seat-belt violations, and other high-risk categories. 

This collaboration among regulators, law enforcement, and motor-carrier stakeholders aims to reduce roadway fatalities and injuries by promoting safer driver behavior. National agencies like the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) support the program and use its findings to guide future policy.

Key Figures from the 2025 Report

Here are some of the headline numbers released by CVSA:

• A total of 8,739 vehicles were pulled over during the week. 

• Law-enforcement officers issued 2,504 tickets/citations and 3,575 warnings to commercial-motor-vehicle (CMV) and passenger-vehicle (PV) drivers.

• For CMVs: 3,230 warnings and 1,839 tickets/citations. For PVs: 345 warnings and 665 tickets/citations. 

These numbers illustrate the scope and scale of the enforcement effort—and highlight persistent problem-areas in driver behavior.

Major Violation Categories & Trends

The fine print of the report breaks down infractions by type. Below are the most prominent categories for 2025.

1. Reckless/Careless/Inattentive Driving

This year’s primary focus:

• 20 citations and 53 warnings for reckless/careless/inattentive driving.

• Of these, 12 citations and 47 warnings were to CMV drivers; 8 citations and 6 warnings to PV drivers. 
  Take-away: Even though the total count here was relatively low, this behavior poses significant risk and remains a key target for enforcement.

2. Speeding

By far the most common violation:

• 1,249 warnings and 917 citations for speeding.

• CMV drivers: 1,073 warnings and 491 citations; PV drivers: 176 warnings and 416 citations. 
  Speeding significantly reduces a driver’s ability to react to hazards and increases crash-severity. According to NHTSA statistics, speeding was a contributing factor in 29 % of U.S. traffic fatalities in 2023.
  Why this matters: Faster speeds make steering around obstacles harder, increase stopping distance, and raise impact force in a collision.

3. Failure to Wear a Seat Belt

Another top violation:

• 219 warnings and 264 tickets/citations overall.

• CMV drivers: 204 warnings and 248 citations. PV drivers: 15 warnings and 16 citations. 
  An estimated 9 % of U.S. drivers don’t wear seat belts; among CMV drivers, it’s about 14 %. 
  Important note: Seat-belt usage is the most effective single intervention to protect drivers and passengers.

4. Texting or Hand-held Device Use

Distracted driving remains a serious concern:

• 129 warnings and 116 tickets/citations for texting or handheld-device use (22 warnings and 37 citations for PV drivers; 107 warnings and 79 citations for CMV drivers). 
  Studies show that using a phone while driving affects visual, manual, and cognitive performance—all at once. 

5. Drugs/Alcohol & Other Violations

• 22 citations and 14 warnings for CMV drivers, and 5 citations and 4 warnings for PV drivers involving drugs/alcohol use. 

• Other violations included:

  • Failure to obey traffic-control devices: 574 warnings and 296 citations for PV/CMV combined.

  • Following too closely: 48 warnings and 24 citations. 
    Bottom line: High-risk behaviors beyond speed and distraction continue to demand attention.

Why These Findings Matter to Carriers and Drivers

Risk culture & operations

For fleets, these results underscore the need for proactive safety culture—one that doesn’t just rely on external enforcement, but monitors driver behavior internally through telematics, coaching, and ongoing training.

Regulatory exposure

Agencies like FMCSA use data from initiatives like OSDW to shape compliance priorities. For example, seat-belt violations and speeding remain enforcement red-flags. More citations mean higher risk of audits, fines, or even out-of-service orders.

Insurance and reputation

Excessive citations and warnings can lead to increased insurance premiums and reputational damage. Drivers representing companies are held to high standards—especially when sharing roads with large trucks.

Human-impact and liability

Beyond numbers, every warning or citation reflects a behavior that causes crashes, injuries, or fatalities. According to NHTSA data, tens of thousands of lives could be saved annually by better behavior. 

Practical Take-aways for Your Safety Program

1. Prioritize Speed-Management Programs

   • Tailor driver training modules around speeding risk—especially given its dominant share in offenses.

   • Incorporate real-time telematics or GPS alerts to curtail above-limit events.

2. Reinforce Seat-Belt Usage Every Day

   • Make seat-belt checks part of your pre-trip inspections and talk about it in toolbox meetings.

   • Celebrate 100 % belt-use days to reinforce positive behavior.

3. Attack Distracted-Driving Culture

   • Mandate hands-free systems and implement no-device-use policies.

   • Use coaching moments to reinforce the dangers of manual, visual, and cognitive distractions.

4. Link Coaching to Enforcement Data

   • Use enforcement outcomes like those in the OSDW as learning tools. Show your drivers the real numbers and ask: Could this have been me?

   • Build internal dashboards that track warnings and citations by violation category.

5. Make Human-Trafficking Awareness a Part of Driver Safety

   • OSDW found 1,681 awareness- and education-activities on human-trafficking during the week. 

   • Integrate training on what to watch for (e.g., unusual pickup/drop-off patterns, multiple occupants, separated commodities) and connect to resources like the U.S. Department of Transportation’s TIP 411 system.

6. Pre-Trip Checklist Enhancements

   • Add categories for seat-belt use, handheld-device policy acknowledgment, and speed-limit review.

   • Create a weekly enforcement-review meeting where you compare internal infractions vs. national OSDW data.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Does OSDW data reflect all roadways or just commercial vehicles?
A: While OSDW focuses on both commercial and passenger vehicles, the bulk of enforcement stops are in commercial-motor-vehicle operations. That means fleets need to pay attention—but the findings apply broadly to any driver sharing the road.

Q: My fleet already monitors speed and distraction. Does this still matter?
A: Yes. The data serves as an external benchmark and reminds us of the categories enforcement is aggressively targeting. It also helps you prioritize internal policy updates.

Q: Are these results unique to the U.S.?
A: No—while the majority of data is from U.S. jurisdictions, Canadian jurisdictions participate as well and contribute to the analysis. The risks and behaviors are shared across the continent.

The Big Picture

Unsafe driving behaviors such as speeding, seat-belt non-use, and distracted driving continue to dominate not just in enforcement campaigns—but in crash statistics, too. For example, speeding was a factor in 29 % of U.S. traffic fatalities in 2023. Initiatives like OSDW serve a dual purpose: they spotlight what remains problematic and push the industry toward safer operations.

For motor-carrier safety professionals, that means using these findings not only to react—but to proactively design safety programs around behavior change, real-time monitoring, and continuous reinforcement.

The 2025 Operation Safe Driver Week results provide a timely, data-rich look into how drivers at all levels performed—and where the biggest safety risks remain. If you’d like expert guidance and tailored solutions to apply these findings to your operations, detail your program with Sentry Road and we’ll help you translate insight into action.

Data and findings referenced in this article are sourced from the Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance’s 2025 Operation Safe Driver Week Results

Workplace violence is a critical concern that affects employees' safety and well-being across various industries. From healthcare settings to corporate offices, understanding the types, causes, and preventive measures of workplace violence is essential for creating a secure and supportive work environment.

Understanding Workplace Violence

Workplace violence encompasses any act or threat of physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other disruptive behavior that occurs at the worksite. It can range from verbal abuse to physical assaults and even homicide. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) identifies four general categories of workplace violence:

1. Criminal Intent: The perpetrator has no legitimate relationship to the business or its employees and is usually committing a crime.

2. Customer/Client: The perpetrator is a customer or client who becomes violent while being served by the business.

3. Worker-on-Worker: The perpetrator is an employee or past employee who attacks or threatens another employee.

4. Personal Relationship: The perpetrator has a personal relationship with the intended victim, such as a domestic partner.

Understanding these categories helps in identifying potential risks and implementing appropriate preventive measures.

The Importance of Workplace Violence Prevention

Preventing workplace violence is not only a legal and ethical obligation but also a strategic business decision. Workplace violence can lead to:

• Physical and Psychological Harm: Employees may suffer from injuries, trauma, or stress-related illnesses.

• Financial Costs: Medical expenses, legal fees, and workers' compensation claims can be significant.

• Reputation Damage: Incidents of violence can harm the organization's reputation and employee morale.

• Legal Consequences: Failure to address workplace violence can result in legal actions and penalties.

Implementing a comprehensive workplace violence prevention program can mitigate these risks and foster a safer, more productive work environment.

Key Components of a Workplace Violence Prevention Program

1. Management Commitment and Employee Involvement

Effective prevention begins with a strong commitment from management and active participation from employees. Establishing a clear policy on workplace violence and involving employees in its development and implementation ensures a shared responsibility for safety.

2. Worksite Analysis

Conducting regular assessments to identify potential hazards and areas of vulnerability is crucial. This includes evaluating physical environments, work practices, and employee interactions to pinpoint risks.

3. Hazard Prevention and Control

Implementing measures to eliminate or control identified hazards is essential. This may involve redesigning workspaces, improving lighting, installing security systems, and establishing clear protocols for handling potentially violent situations.

4. Safety and Health Training

Providing training for all employees on recognizing warning signs of violence, de-escalation techniques, and emergency response procedures equips them to handle potential threats effectively.

5. Recordkeeping and Program Evaluation

Maintaining records of incidents and regularly evaluating the effectiveness of the violence prevention program helps in identifying trends and areas for improvement.

Industry-Specific Considerations

• Healthcare Settings: Healthcare workers face unique challenges, including dealing with patients who may be under stress or experiencing pain. Implementing specialized training and support systems is vital to address these risks.

• Retail Environments: Employees in retail settings may encounter aggressive customers or individuals attempting theft. Establishing clear policies and security measures can help mitigate these risks.

• Corporate Offices: In office environments, workplace violence may manifest as bullying or harassment. Promoting a culture of respect and open communication is key to prevention.

Legal and Regulatory Framework

Various laws and regulations govern workplace violence prevention:

• Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA): While OSHA does not have a specific standard for workplace violence, the General Duty Clause requires employers to provide a workplace free from recognized hazards.

• State Regulations: Some states, such as California, have enacted specific laws requiring employers to implement workplace violence prevention plans.

• Industry Standards: Certain industries, like healthcare, have developed specific guidelines and best practices for preventing workplace violence.

Staying informed about applicable laws and regulations ensures compliance and enhances the effectiveness of prevention efforts.

Resources for Further Information

• OSHA Workplace Violence Guidelines

• National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Workplace Violence Prevention

• Cal/OSHA Workplace Violence Prevention for General Industry

Workplace violence is a serious issue that requires proactive measures to prevent and address. By implementing a comprehensive violence prevention program, organizations can protect their employees, reduce risks, and foster a positive work environment.

At Sentry Road, we specialize in developing tailored workplace violence prevention strategies that align with your organization's specific needs and regulatory requirements. Contact us today to learn how we can assist you in creating a safer workplace.

Ready to enhance your workplace safety? Explore how Sentry Road can support your organization in implementing effective workplace violence prevention programs. Contact us today to get started.

In the realm of workplace safety, near misses are often overlooked. However, these incidents—situations where an accident almost occurred but didn't—hold invaluable insights into potential hazards. Effectively capturing and analyzing near misses can transform your safety program from reactive to proactive, significantly reducing the risk of actual accidents.

What Is a Near Miss?

A near miss is an unplanned event that did not result in injury, illness, or damage but had the potential to do so. These incidents are sometimes referred to as "close calls" or "good catches." Recognizing and reporting near misses is crucial, as they often highlight underlying safety issues that, if left unaddressed, could lead to more severe incidents.

The Importance of Near Miss Reporting

1. Proactive Hazard Identification: Near misses provide early warning signs of potential hazards. By identifying these risks before they result in actual harm, organizations can implement corrective measures promptly.

2. Enhanced Safety Culture: Encouraging near miss reporting fosters a culture of safety where employees feel responsible for their own safety and that of their colleagues. This collective responsibility leads to a more vigilant and safety-conscious workforce.

3. Data-Driven Decisions: Analyzing near miss data helps organizations identify patterns and trends, enabling them to make informed decisions about safety improvements and resource allocation.

4. Regulatory Compliance: Organizations that actively report and investigate near misses demonstrate a commitment to safety, which can be favorable during regulatory inspections and audits.

Best Practices for Effective Near Miss Reporting

1. Establish Clear Reporting Procedures: Implement straightforward and accessible reporting systems, such as digital platforms or paper forms, to ensure employees can easily report near misses.

2. Ensure Anonymity and Non-Punitive Policies: Create an environment where employees feel safe to report without fear of retaliation. Anonymity can encourage more frequent reporting.

3. Provide Training and Awareness: Educate employees about the importance of near miss reporting and how to identify potential hazards. Regular training sessions can reinforce the significance of proactive safety measures.

4. Investigate and Act on Reports: Each reported near miss should be thoroughly investigated to determine root causes. Implement corrective actions to address identified issues and prevent recurrence.

5. Communicate Findings and Improvements: Share the outcomes of investigations and the steps taken to mitigate risks with all employees. This transparency builds trust and reinforces the organization's commitment to safety.

Challenges in Near Miss Reporting

While the benefits of near miss reporting are clear, organizations may face challenges in its implementation:

• Underreporting: Employees may perceive near miss reporting as unnecessary or fear negative consequences.

• Lack of Resources: Limited resources can hinder the establishment of effective reporting systems and follow-up procedures.

• Inadequate Analysis: Without proper analysis of reported near misses, valuable insights may be lost, and recurring issues may not be addressed.

Overcoming these challenges requires strong leadership, adequate training, and a commitment to continuous improvement.

Case Studies and Real-World Applications

• Maritime Industry: The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) has initiated the Safe Maritime Transportation System (SafeMTS) pilot program to test the feasibility of reporting maritime near misses. This initiative aims to enhance safety practices within the maritime sector. Bureau of Transportation Statistics

• Railroad Safety: The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) emphasizes the importance of understanding close calls to improve railroad safety. Systematic study of these incidents helps identify safety hazards and develop solutions to mitigate risks. Federal Railroad Administration

• Healthcare Sector: In primary care practices, near-miss reporting has guided performance improvement activities and led to meaningful changes in policy and practice. Successful implementation requires leadership commitment, incentives for staff, and a system that allows reporting to be easy and anonymous. AHRQ

Leveraging Technology in Near Miss Reporting

Modern technology plays a pivotal role in enhancing near miss reporting systems:

• Mobile Applications: Apps enable real-time reporting, making it convenient for employees to submit near miss reports from any location.

• Data Analytics: Advanced analytics tools can process large volumes of near miss data to identify trends and predict potential hazards.

• Integration with Other Safety Systems: Integrating near miss reporting with other safety management systems ensures a holistic approach to workplace safety.

Implementing these technological solutions can streamline the reporting process and enhance the effectiveness of safety programs.

Near miss reporting is more than just a safety protocol; it's a proactive approach to identifying and mitigating potential hazards before they result in actual harm. By fostering a culture that encourages reporting, investigating incidents thoroughly, and acting on findings, organizations can significantly enhance their safety performance.

At Sentry Road, we understand the importance of near miss reporting in creating a safer work environment. Our solutions can assist your organization in implementing effective reporting systems and safety programs tailored to your specific needs. Contact us today to learn how we can support your safety initiatives.

Ready to transform your safety program? Explore how Sentry Road can help your organization harness the power of near miss reporting and more. Contact us today to get started.

Introduction

Internal safety audits are a proactive approach to identifying and mitigating workplace hazards before they lead to incidents. These audits are essential for maintaining a safe and compliant work environment. This guide provides a step-by-step process for conducting effective internal safety audits, drawing on best practices and resources from authoritative organizations.

Understanding Internal Safety Audits

An internal safety audit is a systematic evaluation of workplace practices, policies, and conditions to ensure compliance with safety regulations and identify areas for improvement. Unlike external inspections, internal audits are conducted by employees within the organization, offering a unique perspective on daily operations.

Step 1: Planning the Audit

Define the Scope and Objectives

Before initiating an audit, clearly define its scope and objectives. Determine which departments, processes, or areas will be assessed and what specific safety concerns need to be addressed. This focused approach ensures that the audit is comprehensive and aligned with organizational goals.

Assemble the Audit Team

Select a diverse team with knowledge of the areas being audited. Including employees from different departments can provide a well-rounded perspective and foster a culture of safety throughout the organization.

Step 2: Conducting the Audit

Utilize Checklists and Tools

Employ standardized checklists and tools to guide the audit process. These resources help ensure consistency and thoroughness in evaluating safety practices. For example, OSHA provides a  Safety and Health Program Audit Tool that can be adapted to various workplace settings.

Observe and Document Findings

Conduct physical inspections, review documentation, and interview employees to gather data. Document all findings, noting both compliant practices and areas needing improvement. This documentation serves as a basis for corrective actions and future audits.

Step 3: Analyzing Results

Identify Non-Conformities

Compare audit findings against established safety standards and regulations. Identify any non-conformities or areas where practices deviate from these standards. This analysis helps prioritize corrective actions based on risk levels.

Evaluate Root Causes

For each non-conformity, assess the underlying causes. Understanding whether issues stem from inadequate training, lack of resources, or other factors allows for targeted interventions.

Step 4: Reporting and Corrective Actions

Prepare a Detailed Report

Compile the audit findings into a comprehensive report. Include descriptions of identified issues, their potential impacts, and recommended corrective actions. This report should be clear and accessible to all stakeholders.

Develop an Action Plan

Create a corrective action plan that outlines specific steps to address identified issues, assigns responsibilities, and sets timelines for completion. Ensure that the plan is realistic and achievable.

Step 5: Follow-Up and Continuous Improvement

Implement Corrective Actions

Execute the corrective action plan, ensuring that all steps are completed as scheduled. Monitor the implementation process to address any challenges that arise.

Evaluate Effectiveness

After implementing corrective actions, assess their effectiveness. Conduct follow-up audits or reviews to ensure that issues have been resolved and that improvements are sustained.

Foster a Culture of Safety

Encourage ongoing employee involvement in safety initiatives. Regular training, open communication, and recognition of safety achievements contribute to a culture where safety is a shared responsibility.

Leveraging External Resources

While conducting internal audits, it's beneficial to reference guidelines and resources from authoritative organizations:

• OSHA Safety and Health Program Management Guidelines: Provides a framework for developing and implementing effective safety programs. OSHA

• FMCSA Safety Audit Guidebook: Offers insights into safety audits for motor carriers, including documentation requirements and best practices. A&I Online

• DOT Office of Inspector General Audits: Conducts independent audits of DOT programs, providing valuable benchmarks for safety performance. Office of Inspector General

Conclusion

Conducting internal safety audits is a vital component of an organization's commitment to maintaining a safe and compliant workplace. By systematically evaluating practices, identifying areas for improvement, and implementing corrective actions, organizations can mitigate risks and enhance overall safety performance.

If your organization seeks support in conducting thorough internal safety audits and developing effective safety programs, Sentry Road offers expert guidance and resources to assist you.

Partner with Sentry Road to enhance your organization's safety culture through comprehensive internal safety audits and tailored safety solutions. Contact us today to learn how we can support your safety initiatives.

*Note: The above content is a general guide and should be tailored to specific organizational needs and regulatory requirements.

Bringing on new employees is one of the most exciting milestones for any organization. Fresh talent brings energy, skills, and the potential to make a real impact. But for all the benefits, new hires also carry the highest risk of workplace incidents. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, employees in their first year of work experience disproportionately higher injury rates than seasoned workers.

That’s where new hire safety onboarding comes in. By equipping employees with the right knowledge, tools, and expectations early, employers can create safer workplaces, reduce incident rates, and support long-term employee success.

This article will walk through the essentials of new hire safety onboarding, highlight common pitfalls, and share five proven ways to reduce incidents in the first 90 days.

Why Safety Onboarding Matters

Starting a new job can be overwhelming. New employees face a flood of information — from company culture to role-specific tasks. Safety training often gets lumped into this onboarding process, but when rushed or deprioritized, it can leave employees underprepared for the risks of their role.

• Higher risk window: Studies show that employees are most vulnerable to accidents in the first few months of employment.

• Confidence building: Early safety training builds not just compliance, but confidence in performing tasks correctly.

• Legal and compliance requirements: OSHA requires employers to train workers on specific hazards they may encounter (OSHA Training Requirements).

Failing to invest in proper onboarding doesn’t just endanger employees — it can also lead to costly fines, workers’ compensation claims, and reputational damage.

Core Elements of an Effective Safety Onboarding Program

While every industry has unique risks, effective safety onboarding typically includes the following elements:

1. Hazard Communication

   • Educating employees on the chemicals, machinery, or environmental hazards they may encounter.

   • Compliance with OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard.

2. Emergency Procedures

   • Fire response, evacuation routes, severe weather protocols, and first aid response.

   • Clear signage and practice drills make this knowledge actionable.

3. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

   • When and how to use required PPE.

   • Proper fit and maintenance.

4. Job-Specific Training

   • Safe operation of tools, vehicles, or machines.

   • Demonstrations paired with supervised practice.

5. Reporting Procedures

   • How to report unsafe conditions, near-misses, or incidents.

   • Reinforcing a culture of speaking up without fear of retaliation.

5 Ways to Reduce Incidents in the First 90 Days

Reducing incident rates among new hires requires more than a one-time orientation session. Here are five proven strategies:

1. Prioritize Psychological Safety

When employees feel safe speaking up, they’re more likely to ask questions, admit uncertainty, and report hazards. Psychological safety is a foundational step toward preventing accidents.

2. Pair New Hires with Experienced Mentors

Assigning a “safety buddy” allows new hires to learn through observation and guidance. Peer mentoring builds confidence and reinforces safe behaviors.

3. Use Micro-Learning for Reinforcement

Instead of overwhelming new employees with hours of training at once, break content into small, digestible modules. Revisit critical topics during the first 90 days.

4. Track and Review Early Performance

Monitor how new hires apply training in real tasks. Regular check-ins allow supervisors to spot risky behaviors before they become incidents.

5. Continuously Monitor and Adjust Training

Safety onboarding is not a one-size-fits-all process. Collect feedback from new employees and supervisors to identify where training could be improved.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Even with the best intentions, organizations often fall into avoidable traps during onboarding:

• Information overload: Bombarding employees with too much at once reduces retention.

• Generic training: Failing to tailor safety onboarding to specific roles or environments.

• Lack of follow-up: One-time sessions without reinforcement fail to change behavior.

• Minimal hands-on practice: Safety is best learned by doing, not just listening.

Measuring Success in Safety Onboarding

It’s not enough to deliver training — organizations should also measure its effectiveness. Consider tracking:

• Incident rates among new hires

• Knowledge retention through quizzes or check-ins

• Employee confidence levels in performing tasks safely

• Supervisor feedback on employee readiness

These metrics help refine the program over time, ensuring onboarding keeps pace with workplace changes.

Final Thoughts

New hire safety onboarding is more than a compliance box to check — it’s an investment in your team’s well-being and your organization’s long-term success. By prioritizing safety from day one, reinforcing it throughout the first 90 days, and avoiding common pitfalls, companies can drastically reduce incidents and create a stronger culture of safety.

Sentry Road can help your organization implement effective New Hire Safety Onboarding programs — and much more.

Every organization that prioritizes workplace safety eventually encounters one critical responsibility: OSHA recordkeeping. While OSHA regulations can feel complex, understanding how to properly log, maintain, and report workplace injuries and illnesses is essential. Accurate recordkeeping isn’t just about compliance—it helps employers identify hazards, reduce risks, and foster a safer work environment.

This guide will walk you through what OSHA recordkeeping is, who it applies to, the specific requirements, and best practices to simplify compliance.

What Is OSHA Recordkeeping?

OSHA recordkeeping refers to the practice of documenting workplace injuries and illnesses in compliance with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards. These requirements help OSHA track workplace incidents and support employers in identifying patterns that may indicate hazards or areas for improvement.

Key objectives of OSHA recordkeeping include:

• Ensuring accurate data on workplace injuries and illnesses.

• Identifying risks to develop prevention strategies.

• Promoting transparency for workers about workplace safety.

• Enabling OSHA to target enforcement and resources effectively.

For more detail, OSHA provides a full Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements overview.

Who Must Comply with OSHA Recordkeeping?

Not every employer is required to maintain OSHA injury and illness records. The requirements depend on industry classification, company size, and incident type.

• Employers with 11 or more employees in most industries are required to keep OSHA records.

• Certain low-hazard industries (like some retail or service sectors) are partially exempt.

• Regardless of size or industry, all employers must report severe incidents such as fatalities, hospitalizations, amputations, or loss of an eye directly to OSHA.

To check if your organization is exempt, review OSHA’s Partially Exempt Industries list.

OSHA Recordkeeping Forms Explained

OSHA requires specific forms to record and summarize incidents. Each plays a distinct role in documenting workplace safety:

OSHA Form 300: Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses

This log captures every recordable incident, including:

• Employee details (name, job title)

• Date of incident

• Description of injury/illness

• Location of event

• Outcome (days away, restricted duty, transfer, etc.)

OSHA Form 300A: Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses

The 300A provides a yearly summary of incidents. Employers must:

• Post this form in a visible location from February 1 to April 30 each year.

• Include total number of cases, days away from work, and injury/illness types.

• Have the form certified by a company executive.

OSHA Form 301: Injury and Illness Incident Report

The 301 provides detailed information about individual cases, such as how the incident happened. Employers must complete this form—or an equivalent report—within seven calendar days of learning about the case.

Electronic Submission Requirements

Certain employers must also submit data electronically through OSHA’s Injury Tracking Application (ITA). As of 2024, electronic reporting requirements apply to:

• Establishments with 250 or more employees in industries covered by recordkeeping rules.

• Establishments with 20–249 employees in high-hazard industries (construction, manufacturing, transportation, etc.).

More information is available on OSHA’s Injury Tracking Application page.

What Counts as a Recordable Incident?

Not every workplace incident requires recording. OSHA defines recordable cases as those that involve:

• Death

• Days away from work

• Restricted work or transfer to another job

• Loss of consciousness

• Medical treatment beyond first aid

• Diagnosis of significant injury/illness by a healthcare provider

OSHA Recordkeeping provides detailed criteria and examples.

Common Challenges Employers Face

Even well-intentioned organizations run into obstacles with recordkeeping. Common challenges include:

1. Misclassifying cases
   Employers sometimes confuse first aid with medical treatment, leading to under- or over-reporting.

2. Inconsistent processes
   Without clear workflows, documentation often varies by department or manager.

3. Missed deadlines
   Forgetting to post Form 300A or file electronic submissions on time can result in penalties.

4. Lack of training
   Supervisors and HR staff may not fully understand recordkeeping criteria, leading to errors.

Best Practices for OSHA Recordkeeping

To stay compliant and reduce errors, organizations can implement these practices:

• Centralize your process: Assign responsibility for OSHA logs to a single team or individual.

• Use technology: An LMS or safety management system can help streamline data entry and reporting.

• Train supervisors: Provide regular training on what counts as a recordable case.

• Conduct audits: Periodically review your logs to catch errors before submission deadlines.

• Stay current: OSHA updates recordkeeping rules periodically. Subscribe to OSHA’s Newsroom to stay informed.

Why OSHA Recordkeeping Matters Beyond Compliance

While recordkeeping is a regulatory requirement, its benefits go deeper:

• Improved safety outcomes: Data highlights recurring risks, guiding proactive prevention.

• Reduced costs: Fewer injuries mean fewer workers’ comp claims and less downtime.

• Transparency and trust: Workers feel more confident when safety data is handled responsibly.

• Benchmarking: Employers can compare their data against industry averages.

Conclusion

OSHA recordkeeping can feel overwhelming, but with clear processes and consistent training, it becomes a valuable tool for improving workplace safety. By staying compliant, employers not only avoid penalties but also create safer, healthier environments for their teams.

At Sentry Road, we help organizations manage OSHA recordkeeping requirements and much more. If you’d like guidance on simplifying compliance and strengthening your safety programs, we’re here to help.

Why Safety Compliance Matters More Than Ever

Workplace safety compliance is not optional—it’s essential for protecting workers, avoiding fines, and ensuring smooth operations. Yet year after year, OSHA reports thousands of violations across industries. From machine guarding to lockout/tagout, many of these violations are preventable with the right systems in place.

This is where safety compliance technology comes in. Digital tools are transforming the way organizations monitor, document, and enforce compliance standards, helping reduce risks and violations before they happen.

The Challenge: Why Violations Persist

Even the most experienced organizations face recurring compliance issues. Common struggles include:

• Recordkeeping errors – Paper records are easily lost, outdated, or incomplete.

• Missed deadlines – Training expirations or inspection schedules slip through the cracks.

• Communication gaps – Employees may not receive or retain critical compliance updates.

• Reactive fixes – Problems are often addressed only after an incident or inspection.

The result? OSHA’s Top 10 Most Cited Violations rarely change year to year. For example, OSHA continues to rank machine guarding, hazard communication, and fall protection among the most common violations.

How Safety Compliance Technology Makes a Difference

1. Automated Training & Reminders

Technology can track training requirements across large teams, sending automated reminders when certifications are due. This helps ensure workers stay current on requirements like OSHA safety courses or FMCSA driver compliance training.

2. Digital Recordkeeping

Cloud-based platforms keep training records, inspection logs, and compliance reports organized and accessible. This not only saves time during audits but also reduces the risk of penalties from missing or inaccurate documentation.

3. Real-Time Monitoring

In fleet and facility environments, sensors and telematics can provide real-time feedback on unsafe conditions. For example, automatic braking systems or driver fatigue monitors give immediate data that organizations can act on.

4. Compliance Analytics

Technology enables leaders to spot patterns in violations, near misses, or inspection failures. With this data, organizations can shift from reactive fixes to proactive prevention.

Reducing OSHA Violations Through Technology

The impact of safety compliance technology is clear:

• Fewer repeat violations – By tracking corrective actions, organizations avoid making the same mistakes.

• Lower penalties – Compliance software ensures records are ready for inspectors, reducing costly fines.

• Increased accountability – Digital systems assign responsibility clearly, closing gaps where issues often arise.

A strong example is the move toward electronic logging devices (ELDs) in the transportation sector. Mandated by FMCSA, these systems virtually eliminated the risks of paper log manipulation while giving fleets better visibility into driver behavior.

Building a Culture of Compliance with Technology

It’s important to remember that technology is not a replacement for leadership—it’s a tool that supports it. Safety leaders must still:

• Set expectations consistently.

• Hold everyone accountable, from new hires to experienced staff.

• Use digital data as a conversation starter, not just a report.

This aligns closely with our previous coverage on Building a Culture of Safety, where consistent leadership and accountability were shown to make compliance part of everyday operations.

How This Links to Our Previous Coverage

We’ve highlighted related issues in other recent Sentry Road blogs:

• Machine Guarding & Lockout/Tagout Safety – one of OSHA’s most cited areas of noncompliance.

• Building a Culture of Safety– showing how leadership and accountability drive compliance success.

These examples underscore the same point: combining leadership with the right tools creates safer workplaces.

Staying Ahead with Safety Compliance Technology

Technology is reshaping how organizations manage safety and compliance. From automated reminders to real-time monitoring, these tools help reduce OSHA violations, lower costs, and—most importantly—keep workers safe.

At Sentry Road, we provide solutions and training designed to help organizations integrate compliance into their daily operations and reduce risk across the board.

Ready to make safety compliance easier? Let’s talk about how Sentry Road can support your team.

Preventing workplace injuries isn’t just about compliance—it’s about protecting lives. Two of the most critical safeguards in industrial safety are machine guarding and lockout/tagout (LOTO). Together, they serve as frontline defenses against some of the most severe and preventable accidents.

This article explores the key requirements of machine guarding and LOTO, common pitfalls, and best practices to strengthen your safety program. Whether you're building your safety culture from the ground up or looking to refine it, understanding these two concepts is foundational.

Why Machine Guarding and Lockout/Tagout Matter

According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), machine guarding ranks consistently among OSHA’s top 10 most cited violations. Similarly, Lockout/Tagout (29 CFR 1910.147) is one of the leading causes of citations and workplace incidents, especially in manufacturing and heavy industry.

Both types of controls are designed to prevent workers from coming into contact with moving parts, energized systems, or stored energy—hazards that can cause crushing injuries, amputations, electrocutions, and fatalities.

What is Machine Guarding?

Machine guarding involves physical barriers or devices that protect workers from hazardous moving parts during operation. These hazards can include rotating parts, flying chips, sparks, or pinch points.

Types of machine guards:

• Fixed guards – Permanent barriers that prevent access to dangerous areas.

• Interlocked guards – Shut off power when opened or removed.

• Adjustable guards – Can be positioned to fit different sizes of material.

• Self-adjusting guards – Automatically adjust to the size of the material being fed.

Examples of machines that require guarding:

• Power presses

• Conveyors

• Grinders

• Shears

• Saws

• Milling machines

OSHA’s machine guarding requirements are outlined in 29 CFR 1910 Subpart O.

What is Lockout/Tagout?

Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) refers to the procedures and devices used to ensure that machines are properly shut down and cannot be restarted while maintenance or servicing is being performed.

This is critical because hazardous energy—from electricity, hydraulics, pneumatics, or even gravity—can cause injury if unexpectedly released.

Key elements of an effective LOTO program:

• Written energy control procedures

• Authorized employee training

• Lockout/tagout devices (padlocks, tags, hasps)

• Periodic inspections of procedures

• Documentation of completed lockouts

The standard that governs LOTO is 29 CFR 1910.147, which outlines who must be trained, what procedures must be followed, and when they apply.

Real-World Compliance Challenges

Even well-intentioned companies face challenges implementing these safety measures. Common pitfalls include:

• Failing to train all affected employees – Only authorized individuals may perform LOTO, but others must still understand the hazards.

• Improper use of guards – Workers may bypass or remove guards for convenience if training and oversight are lacking.

• Missing written procedures – OSHA requires documentation for each machine or piece of equipment with a unique energy source.

• No periodic inspections – Annual reviews ensure procedures remain effective and relevant.

• Inadequate supervision – Safety controls must be reinforced by regular observation and correction of unsafe behaviors.

Best Practices for Safer Operations

Here are strategies to improve your machine guarding and lockout/tagout programs:

✅ Conduct a hazard assessment of all machinery
✅ Provide clear and repeated training for employees
✅ Use color-coded tags and locks for clarity
✅ Store LOTO kits near affected equipment
✅ Perform documented inspections annually or after incidents
✅ Encourage workers to report damaged or missing guards
✅ Include LOTO and guarding checks in your safety audits

You can also refer to NIOSH’s guarding guidelines for detailed diagrams and safety principles.

Final Thoughts

Machine guarding and lockout/tagout aren't just checkboxes on an audit—they’re safeguards that protect the people behind the processes. By reinforcing these safety measures, organizations can reduce serious injuries and maintain compliance with federal standards.

If you’re looking to assess your current procedures or improve how your team handles LOTO and machine safety, Sentry Road can help. Our training programs, hazard assessments, and audit support are built to help companies like yours stay ahead of risk.

👉 Learn more at sentryroad.com